Courts & Criminal Justice

Clarifies bail rules for people in sobriety programs.

This bill modifies the 24/7 sobriety program requirements for defendants on bond or pre-trial release. It prohibits jailing defendants or revoking their bond solely for inability to pay program costs unless the court finds they have present and continued ability to pay. It places the burden on defendants to prove they didn't willfully fail to pay or made good faith efforts to pay. It also allows unpaid program costs to be imposed at case disposition if the defendant has ability to pay.

Allows courts to order treatment at certain nonprofits as part of probation or parole.

This bill expands probation and parole conditions to allow courts to require defendants to participate in treatment programs at nonprofit entities that receive alternative care program grants. It adds this as an option alongside existing conditions like fines, community service, drug courts, and chemical dependency treatment. The bill also updates DUI penalty sections to reference these alternative care programs as options for suspended sentences in repeat DUI cases.

Bans creating and sharing deepfake images or videos of real people.

This bill expands South Dakota's criminal invasion of privacy law to criminalize the creation and distribution of deepfake pornography and non-consensual intimate images. It adds specific intent requirements (to harm, embarrass, harass, etc.) and creates new criminal penalties: Class 1 misdemeanor for basic violations, Class 6 felony for repeat offenses or when victims are minors, and Class 5 felony for creating/distributing digitally fabricated sexual material (deepfakes). The bill defines 'digitally fabricated material' as images that appear authentic but are modified to falsely depict someone's appearance or conduct.

Seals court records when protection order requests are dismissed or denied.

This bill allows courts to immediately seal court files containing dismissed protection order petitions. It applies to both domestic violence protection orders (chapter 22-19A) and harassment protection orders (chapter 25-10). When a court dismisses a protection order petition either initially or after a hearing, the court may then grant immediate sealing of the court file containing that petition.

Provides emergency funding for a therapy center for students in Brown County.

This bill appropriates $2,000,000 from the general fund to the Department of Corrections to construct, complete, and equip a regional juvenile corrections center in Brown County. The appropriation includes funding for heating, plumbing, water, sewer, electric facilities, architectural and engineering services, and other required services. The Bureau of Human Resources and Administration will supervise the project, and the bill includes standard provisions for voucher approval and fund reversion procedures.

Updates theft laws for contractors and suppliers.

This bill completely rewrites the theft statute for contractors, subcontractors, and suppliers working on real estate improvements. The current law makes it theft when someone 'knowingly uses more than five hundred dollars' of payment proceeds for purposes other than paying for labor, skills, materials, and machinery while accounts remain unpaid. The new law removes the 'knowingly' requirement and dollar threshold, making it theft when someone 'having received or been entrusted with the property of another for the purpose of improvement of real estate, and with the intent to defraud, appropriates that property' for any purpose other than the real estate improvement it was received for.

Changes the fee for preparing wage garnishment paperwork.

This bill increases the reimbursement fee that garnishees must be paid for preparing garnishment disclosures from $15 to $50. The fee is taxed as part of the plaintiff's costs, and if not paid, the garnishment proceeding is void. The bill also makes minor language changes replacing 'shall' with 'must' throughout the statute.

Exempts human trafficking and domestic abuse victims from certain clemency notification requirements.

This bill creates an exemption from clemency notice requirements in section 24-14-4 for victims of human trafficking or domestic abuse. To qualify for the exemption, applicants must submit an affidavit stating they are victims of human trafficking under chapter 22-49, domestic abuse as defined in section 25-10-1, or similar crimes from other states, plus affidavits from two qualified professionals (law enforcement, prosecutors, parole agents, mental health professionals, healthcare providers, addiction counselors, or social workers/advocates) confirming the victim status.

Funds a study of juvenile detention and residential facilities.

This bill directs the Department of Corrections to conduct a comprehensive study of juvenile correctional and residential facilities, evaluating best practices in juvenile detention and treatment, therapeutic housing models, vocational training and mental health integration, and staff-to-youth ratios and safety protocols. The study must include on-site inspections at three out-of-state facilities. The bill appropriates $50,000 for this purpose and requires a report by September 1, 2026.

Funds demolition of the Pierre Minimum Center prison facility.

This bill authorizes the Department of Corrections to demolish the Pierre Minimum Center, appropriates $682,825 from the general fund for the demolition project, places the project under supervision of the Bureau of Human Resources and Administration, and includes standard appropriation procedures for voucher approval and fund reversion.

Makes it a crime to lie about sperm, egg, or embryo donors.

This bill creates the crime of fraudulent assisted reproduction as a Class 5 felony when healthcare providers use reproductive material without proper written consent. It establishes extensive civil liability allowing patients, spouses, intended parents, children, and donors to sue for liquidated damages of $10,000, plus compensatory damages, punitive damages, and attorney's fees. The statute of limitations extends to 5 years after the child's 18th birthday or discovery through DNA analysis. Multiple plaintiffs can bring separate causes of action for each affected child or patient.

Changes rules for serving subpoenas in legal disputes.

This bill adds new procedural requirements for serving subpoenas for documentary evidence in contested administrative cases. Before serving a subpoena on the target, notice and a copy must be provided to all parties in the case. It also allows hearing examiners or administrative law judges to quash or modify unreasonable subpoenas, or require the requesting party to pay the reasonable costs of producing the documents.

Changes the definition of aggravated assault.

This bill makes minor technical revisions to South Dakota's aggravated assault statute, changing the language structure from 'Any person who...' to 'No person may...' and updating verb forms for consistency (changing 'Attempts' to 'Attempt', 'causes' to 'cause', etc.). The bill also adds 'physical object simulating a deadly weapon' to the existing provision about physical menace with deadly weapons. The substantive elements and requirements for aggravated assault charges remain unchanged.

Protects one car per person from being seized for debt collection.

This bill expands South Dakota's debtor exemption laws to allow each debtor to protect one motor vehicle worth up to $5,000 (over any security interest) from seizure in legal proceedings. The bill also removes the requirement that only 'heads of families' can claim certain exemptions, extending exemption rights to all debtors.

Updates the crime victims' compensation program.

This bill makes administrative changes to South Dakota's crime victims' compensation program by consolidating language from two sections into one. It moves the requirements for departmental orders (including findings of fact, compensation amounts, payee names, review notices, and other necessary information) from a separate section into the main procedural section, and adds email and hand-delivery as additional methods for serving notice to claimants alongside existing mail service.

Allows courts to send juveniles convicted of weapons crimes to adult prison.

This bill expands the circumstances under which juvenile courts can commit delinquent children to the Department of Corrections by adding weapons offenses (under sections 22-14-5, 22-14-7, 22-14-20, 23-7-44, or subdivision 22-30A-17(2)) to the list of qualifying offenses. The bill also makes various technical language changes throughout the juvenile disposition statute, changing 'shall' to 'must' and making other minor wording adjustments.

Increases penalties for animal cruelty.

This bill creates a new Class 4 felony offense for animal cruelty committed in an especially depraved, heinous, sadistic, or wicked manner. It adds enhanced penalties for aggravated forms of the existing animal cruelty offense under section 40-1-2.4.

Makes it illegal to refuse to identify yourself to police in certain situations.

This bill adds a new requirement that persons detained by merchants for suspected underage alcohol violations cannot refuse to verify their identification to the merchant, merchant's employee, or law enforcement officer. Violation of this identification requirement becomes a Class 2 misdemeanor offense.

Changes where certain offenders can live near schools and parks.

This bill changes the grandfather date for sex offender residence restrictions in community safety zones from July 1, 2024 back to July 1, 2006. Sex offenders who established residence before July 1, 2006 would be exempt from community safety zone restrictions, while those who established residence between 2006-2024 would lose their exemption. The bill is declared an emergency measure.

Changes rules for transporting inmates when they're released from prison.

This bill revises requirements for transporting inmates upon discharge from correctional facilities. It changes the language from 'If not already provided' to 'Upon discharge of an inmate from a correctional facility, whether by parole, suspended sentence, or final discharge' and reorganizes the requirements into a numbered list. The bill gives inmates a choice of three transportation destinations: (1) the county where they resided at the time of the offense, (2) the county where they received their sentence, or (3) a location equivalent in distance to whichever of the first two options has lesser mileage. The bill also changes 'shall' to 'must' for the correctional facility official's obligation.

Protects people from lawsuits meant to silence free speech.

This bill creates a new anti-SLAPP (Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation) law in South Dakota. It establishes procedures for defendants to file special motions to dismiss lawsuits that target 'protected public expression' including communications in government proceedings, communications on issues under government review, and exercise of First Amendment rights on matters of public concern. The law requires expedited hearings within 60 days, stays discovery and other proceedings during the motion, allows interlocutory appeals, and mandates attorney fee awards to prevailing defendants (or to plaintiffs if the motion was frivolous). The law does not apply to government enforcement actions for public health/safety or commercial speech related to selling goods/services.

Increases penalties for interfering with religious practices.

This bill increases the penalty for preventing someone from practicing their religion through threats or violence from a Class 1 misdemeanor to a Class 6 felony. The bill also makes a minor grammatical change from 'threats' (plural) to 'threat' (singular).

Adds daycare centers to school safety zones with stricter penalties for crimes.

This bill expands the definition of 'community safety zone' to include licensed day care centers, licensed group family day care homes, and registered family day care facilities. The existing definition already included schools, public parks, playgrounds, pools, domestic abuse shelters, and sexual assault shelters. Community safety zones are areas within 500 feet of these facilities where registered sex offenders are prohibited from residing, with certain exceptions. The bill reorganizes the definition into a clearer list format while adding the three new child care facility types.

Changes fees for court record copies.

This bill modifies court clerk fees by increasing the fee for reproducing authenticated, exemplified, or double certificates of court records from $2 to $15, removes the $2 certification fee for documents, and makes minor grammatical corrections to the statute. The bill does not change any liability standards, legal procedures, or substantive law - only administrative fees charged by court clerks.

Increases penalties for drug crimes in state prisons.

This bill enhances criminal penalties for controlled substance violations in state correctional facilities by: 1) Increasing penalties for inmate possession of controlled substances from Class 4 to Class 3 felony, 2) Increasing penalties for delivering controlled substances to inmates from Class 4 to Class 3 felony, 3) Creating new Class 5 felony penalties for controlled substance ingestion by inmates in correctional facilities and by persons under parole supervision.

Makes it illegal to falsely claim your pet is a service animal.

This bill creates a new criminal offense prohibiting individuals from intentionally misrepresenting an animal as a service animal in places of public accommodation to obtain rights or privileges they are not entitled to. Violations are classified as a Class 2 misdemeanor. The bill defines service animal as a dog trained to perform work or tasks for an individual with a disability, excluding emotional support animals.

Strengthens penalties for harming or interfering with service animals.

This bill makes three key changes to service animal harassment laws: (1) removes the requirement that service animals must be wearing a harness or control device to be protected, (2) increases the penalty from a Class 2 misdemeanor to a Class 1 misdemeanor, and (3) adds a detailed definition of 'service animal' that limits protection to trained dogs performing disability-related work, excluding emotional support animals.

Gives investigators power to demand business records in certain cases.

This bill creates new investigative subpoena authority for the attorney general in criminal investigations involving internet crimes against children or human trafficking. It allows the attorney general to obtain judicial approval to issue subpoenas compelling electronic service providers, internet service providers, and telecommunications carriers to produce business records including subscriber information, account details, IP addresses, and device identifiers. The bill requires judicial approval based on 'reasonable cause' standard and includes non-disclosure provisions preventing providers from notifying account holders. It also provides legal immunity for providers who comply with these subpoenas.

Sets rules for how police can search and seize cryptocurrency.

This bill expands the definition of 'property' in South Dakota's search and seizure statutes to include digital currency. It adds digital currency to the list of items (documents, books, papers, tangible objects) that can be subject to search warrants, and creates a new definition of 'digital currency' as a digital representation of value recorded on cryptographically secured distributed ledgers like blockchain.